Chii chinonzi cryogenic laser

Pfungwa ye lasers inoshanda pane yakaderera tembiricha haisi itsva: yechipiri laser munhoroondo yaive cryogenic. Pakutanga, iyo pfungwa yaive yakaoma kuwana tembiricha yekamuri kushanda, uye kushingairira kwebasa rekudzikira kwakadzikira kwakatanga muma1990 nekuvandudzwa kweakakwirira-simba lasers uye amplifiers.

Musimba guruLaser sources, mhedzisiro yekupisa senge depolarization kurasikirwa, thermal lens kana laser crystal beng inogona kukanganisa kushanda kweiyolight source. Kuburikidza nekutonhora kwakadzikama kwekushisa, akawanda anokuvadza ekupisa anogona kudzvinyirirwa, ndiko kuti, iyo yepakati yekuwana inoda kutonhodzwa kusvika 77K kana kunyange 4K. Iko kutonhora mhedzisiro inonyanya kusanganisira:

Hunhu hunoita conductivity hwepakati pekuwana hunodzivirirwa zvakanyanya, kunyanya nokuti nzira yakasununguka yetambo inowedzera. Nekuda kweizvozvo, tembiricha yekushisa inodonha zvakanyanya. Semuyenzaniso, kana tembiricha yadzikiswa kubva pa300K kusvika 77K, thermal conductivity yeYAG crystal inowedzera nechikamu chechinomwe.

Iyo thermal diffusion coefficient inodererawo zvakanyanya. Izvi, pamwe chete nekuderera kwekushisa kwekushisa, zvinoguma nekuderedzwa kwekushisa kwe lensing uye naizvozvo mukana wakaderedzwa wekushungurudzika kwekuputika.

Iyo thermo-optical coefficient yakaderedzwa zvakare, ichiwedzera kudzikisa iyo thermal lens athari.

Kuwedzera kwekunyura muchinjiko chikamu cheiyo isingawanzo pasi ion kunonyanya kukonzerwa nekudzikira kwekuwedzera kunokonzerwa nekupisa. Naizvozvo, iyo saturation simba inoderedzwa uye iyo laser kuwana inowedzerwa. Naizvozvo, simba repombi pachikumbaridzo rakaderedzwa, uye mapfupi mapurusi anogona kuwanikwa kana Q switch iri kushanda. Nekuwedzera kufambiswa kweiyo inobuda coupler, kutsetseka kwemateru kunogona kuvandudzwa, saka parasitic cavity kurasikirwa mhedzisiro inova isinganyanyi kukosha.

Nhamba yechikamu cheyero yakaderera ye quasi-matatu-level gain medium yakaderedzwa, saka chikumbaridzo chekupomba simba chinoderedzwa uye kushanda kwesimba kunovandudzwa. Semuenzaniso, Yb: YAG, iyo inogadzira chiedza pa 1030nm, inogona kuonekwa seye-quasi-matatu-level system pakupisa kwekamuri, asi mana-level system pa77K. Er: Ndizvo zvakafanana kune YAG.

Zvichienderana nechikamu chekuwana, kusimba kwemamwe maitiro ekudzima kunodzikiswa.

Yakasanganiswa nezviri pamusoro apa, yakaderera tembiricha mashandiro anogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya mashandiro e laser. Kunyanya, yakaderera tembiricha kutonhora lasers inogona kuwana yakanyanya kuburitsa simba pasina thermal mhedzisiro, ndiko kuti, yakanaka danda mhando inogona kuwanikwa.

Imwe nyaya yekufunga nezvayo ndeyekuti mune cryocooled laser crystal, bandwidth yemwenje yakavhenekerwa uye mwenje wakanyungudutswa uchaderedzwa, saka wavelength tuning renji ichave yakatetepa, uye mutsara wakafara uye wavelength kugadzikana kwepombi yepombi kuchanyanya kuomarara. . Zvisinei, izvi zvinowanzoitika hazviwanzoitiki.

Cryogenic kutonhora kazhinji inoshandisa inotonhorera, senge mvura nitrogen kana mvura helium, uye zvine mutsindo firiji inotenderera nechubhu yakasungirirwa kune laser crystal. Inotonhodza inozadzikiswa nenguva kana kudzokororwa muchiuno chakavharwa. Kuti udzivise kusimba, zvinowanzodikanwa kuisa iyo laser crystal muvacuum chamber.

Pfungwa yemalaser makristasi anoshanda pane yakaderera tembiricha inogona zvakare kuiswa kune amplifiers. Titanium sapphire inogona kushandiswa kugadzira yakanaka mhinduro amplifier, avhareji yekubuda simba mumakumi emawatts.

Kunyangwe cryogenic kutonhora michina inogona kuomesaLaser systems, mamwe maitiro ekutonhodza anowanzoita zvishoma, uye kushanda kwe cryogenic cooling kunobvumira kumwe kuderedzwa kwekuoma.