Chii chinonzi cryogenic laser

Pfungwa yemalaser anoshanda patembiricha yakaderera haisi itsva: laser yechipiri munhoroondo yaive cryogenic. Pakutanga, pfungwa iyi yaive yakaoma kuita kuti tembiricha yemumba ishande, uye kufarira basa retembiricha yakaderera kwakatanga muma1990 nekugadzirwa kwemalaser ane simba guru nema amplifiers.

Mune simba gurumasosi elaser, migumisiro yekupisa yakadai sekurasikirwa ne depolarization, thermal lens kana laser crystal bending zvinogona kukanganisa mashandiro echiedza chinobvaKuburikidza nekutonhodza tembiricha yakaderera, mhedzisiro yakawanda inokuvadza yekupisa inogona kudziviswa zvinobudirira, kureva kuti, gain medium inofanira kutonhodzwa kusvika pa77K kana kunyange 4K. Mhedzisiro yekutonhodza inonyanya kusanganisira:

Kufambiswa kwemhepo kwechinhu chinopa simba kunodzikiswa zvakanyanya, kunyanya nekuti nzira yakasununguka yetambo inowedzera. Nekuda kweizvozvo, tembiricha inoderera zvakanyanya. Semuenzaniso, kana tembiricha yadzikiswa kubva pa300K kusvika pa77K, kufambiswa kwemhepo kwekristaro yeYAG kunowedzera nekamwe chete.

Kupararira kwemafuta mumhepo kunodererawo zvakanyanya. Izvi, pamwe chete nekudzikira kwekupisa, zvinoguma nekudzikira kwekupisa kwechiedza uye nokudaro mukana wekuti stress rupture udzikire.

Iyo thermo-optical coefficient inoderedzwawo, zvichiwedzera kuderedza mhedzisiro ye thermal lens.

Kuwedzera kwechikamu chekunyudzwa kwe rare earth ion kunonyanya kukonzerwa nekudzikira kwekupararira kunokonzerwa nekupisa. Nokudaro, simba rekuzara rinodzikira uye kuwedzera kwe laser. Nokudaro, simba re threshold pump rinodzikira, uye ma pulses mapfupi anogona kuwanikwa kana Q switch iri kushanda. Nekuwedzera transmittance ye output coupler, kushanda zvakanaka kwe slope kunogona kuvandudzwa, saka parasitic cavity loss effect inova isinganyanyi kukosha.

Nhamba yezvimedu zvehuwandu hwehuwandu hwakaderera hwe quasi-three-level gain medium inoderedzwa, saka simba rekupomba rinoderedzwa uye kushanda kwesimba kunovandudzwa. Semuenzaniso, Yb:YAG, iyo inogadzira chiedza pa 1030nm, inogona kuonekwa se quasi-three-level system patembiricha yemukamuri, asi ine mazinga mana pa 77K. Er: Izvi ndizvo zvakaitikawo kune YAG.

Zvichienderana nechinhu chinobuda, simba remamwe maitiro ekudzima richadzikira.

Pamwe chete nezvinhu zvataurwa pamusoro apa, kushanda kwekupisa kushoma kunogona kuvandudza mashandiro elaser. Kunyanya, malaser ekutonhodza tembiricha yakaderera anogona kuwana simba guru rekuburitsa pasina kupisa, kureva kuti, mhando yakanaka yemwaranzi inogona kuwanikwa.

Imwe nyaya yekufunga nezvayo ndeyekuti mu cryocooled laser crystal, bandwidth yechiedza chinopenya uye chiedza chinonyudzwa ichaderedzwa, saka huwandu hwe wavelength tuning huchava hudiki, uye hupamhi hwemutsara uye kugadzikana kwe wavelength ye laser inopombwa zvichave zvakanyanya kuoma. Zvisinei, izvi hazviwanzoitiki.

Kutonhodza kweCryogenic kunowanzo shandisa chinhu chinotonhodza, senge liquid nitrogen kana liquid helium, uye zviri nani kuti refrigerant itenderere nepachubhu yakabatana ne laser crystal. Coolant inozadzwazve nenguva kana kudzokororwa mu closed loop. Kuti isaoma, zvinowanzo dikanwa kuisa laser crystal mu vacuum chamber.

Pfungwa yemakristaro elaser anoshanda patembiricha yakaderera inogona kushandiswawo kuma amplifiers. Titanium sapphire inogona kushandiswa kugadzira positive feedback amplifier, avhareji yesimba rinobuda mumakumi ema watts.

Kunyange zvazvo michina yekutonhodza inonzi cryogenic inogona kuomesamasisitimu elaser, masisitimu ekutonhodza akajairika anowanzo kuve nyore, uye kushanda zvakanaka kwekutonhodza kwe cryogenic kunoita kuti kuomarara kuve kushoma.