Ma "Directional couplers" ndiwo ma "microwave/millimeter wave components" akajairika mukuyera ma "microwave" nemamwe ma "microwave systems". Anogona kushandiswa pakuparadzanisa ma "signal isolation", kupatsanura, nekusanganisa, zvakaita sekutarisa simba, kudzikamisa simba rinobuda kubva ku "source output power", kuparadzanisa ma "signal source", kutenderera uye kuyera frequency sweeping Test, nezvimwewo. I "directional microwave power divider", uye chinhu chakakosha mu "sweep-frequency reflectometers" dzemazuva ano. Kazhinji, kune mhando dzakasiyana-siyana, dzakadai se "waveguide", "coaxial line", "stripline", uye "microstrip".
Mufananidzo 1 idhayagiramu yemufananidzo wechimiro. Inonyanya kusanganisira zvikamu zviviri, mutsetse mukuru nemutsetse wekubatsira, uyo wakabatana kuburikidza nemhando dzakasiyana dzemaburi madiki, mitswe, uye mipata. Nokudaro, chikamu chesimba rinopinda kubva ku "1" pamucheto mukuru chichabatanidzwa kune mutsetse wechipiri. Nekuda kwekupindira kana kuiswa kwemafungu, simba rinongotumirwa chete nemutsetse wechipiri - rimwe divi (rinonzi "mberi"), uye rimwe. Hapana simba rinotumirwa mumutsetse mumwe chete (rinonzi "reverse").
Mufananidzo wechipiri i-cross-directional coupler, imwe yenzvimbo dziri mu-coupler yakabatana nemutoro unoenderana wakavakirwa mukati.
Kushandiswa kweDirectional Coupler
1, yehurongwa hwekugadzira simba
Chinobatanidza chinobata ma frequency che3dB (chinowanzozivikanwa se 3dB bridge) chinowanzo shandiswa mu multi-carrier frequency synthesis system, sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi. Rudzi urwu rwe circuit rwakajairika muma indoor distribution systems. Mushure mekunge ma signals f1 ne f2 kubva kuma power amplifiers maviri apfuura ne 3dB directional coupler, output ye chiteshi chimwe nechimwe ine ma frequency components maviri f1 ne f2, uye 3dB inoderedza amplitude ye frequency component yega yega. Kana imwe ye output terminals yakabatana ne absorbing load, imwe output inogona kushandiswa se power source ye passive intermodulation measurement system. Kana uchida kuvandudza isolation zvakanyanya, unogona kuwedzera zvimwe zvikamu zvakaita se filters uye isolators. Solation ye 3dB bridge yakagadzirwa zvakanaka inogona kupfuura 33dB.
Chinobatanidza chinonongedzera chinoshandiswa mukubatanidza system yekutanga nemagetsi.
Nzvimbo yegomba rekutungamira seimwe nzira yekushandisa simba rekubatanidza inoratidzwa mumufananidzo (a) uri pazasi. Mudunhu iri, kutungamira kwekubatanidza kwekutungamira kwakashandiswa neunyanzvi. Tichifunga kuti madhigirii ekubatanidza emakouplers maviri ese ari 10dB uye kutungamira kuri 25dB, kupatsanurwa pakati pemagumo e f1 ne f2 i45dB. Kana ma inputs e f1 ne f2 ese ari 0dBm, kuburitsa kwakabatana kuri -10dBm. Kana tichienzanisa ne Wilkinson coupler iri mumufananidzo (b) uri pazasi (huwandu hwayo hwe isolation i20dB), chiratidzo chimwe chete che input che OdBm, mushure me synthesis, pane -3dBm (tisingafungi nezvekurasikirwa kwe insertion). Tichienzanisa nemamiriro e inter-sample, tinowedzera chiratidzo che input mumufananidzo (a) ne 7dB kuitira kuti kubuda kwacho kuenderane nemufananidzo (b). Panguva ino, kuparadzaniswa pakati pe f1 ne f2 mumufananidzo (a) "kunoderera" "Ndi 38 dB. Mhedzisiro yekupedzisira yekuenzanisa ndeyekuti nzira yekugadzira simba remuchina wekubatanidza wakanangana ne18dB yakakwira kupfuura muchina wekubatanidza weWilkinson. Iyi scheme yakakodzera kuyerwa kwepakati pema amplifiers gumi.
Chinobatanidza chinonongedzera chinoshandiswa musystem yekubatanidza simba 2
2, inoshandiswa pakuyera kusingapindiki kwemugamuchiri kana pakuyera kwenhema
Munzira yeRF test uye measurement, circuit inoratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi inogona kuonekwa kazhinji. Ngatitii DUT (mudziyo kana mudziyo uri kuyedzwa) inogamuchira. Muchiitiko ichocho, chiratidzo chekupindirana kwechiteshi chiri pedyo chinogona kuiswa mureceiver kuburikidza ne coupling end ye directional coupler. Zvadaro integrated tester yakabatana navo kuburikidza ne directional coupler inogona kuyedza resistance yereceiver—chiuru che interference performance. Kana DUT iri nharembozha, transmitter yefoni inogona kuvhurwa ne comprehensive tester yakabatana ne coupling end ye directional coupler. Zvadaro spectrum analyzer inogona kushandiswa kuyera manyepo e output yefoni ye scene. Ehe, mamwe ma filter circuit anofanira kuwedzerwa pamberi pe spectrum analyzer. Sezvo muenzaniso uyu uchingotaura nezvekushandiswa kwe directional couplers, filter circuit haishande.
Chinobatanidza chinonongedzera chinoshandiswa kudzivirira kukanganiswa kwemugamuchiri kana kukwirira kwefoni.
Mudunhu iri rekuyedza, kutungamira kwedirectional coupler kwakakosha zvikuru. Spectrum analyzer yakabatana ne through end inongoda kugamuchira chiratidzo kubva kuDUT uye haidi kugamuchira password kubva ku coupling end.
3, yekutora mifananidzo yechiratidzo uye kutarisa
Kuyera nekutarisa transmitter online kungave kuri kumwe kwekushandiswa kwakanyanya kwe directional couplers. Mufananidzo unotevera ndiwo mashandisirwo akajairika e directional couplers ekuyera cellular base station. Ngatitii simba rekubuda re transmitter iri 43dBm (20W), coupling ye directional coupler. Kugona kwayo i30dB, insertion loss (line loss pamwe ne coupling loss) i0.15dB. Coupling end ine 13dBm (20mW) signal inotumirwa kune base station tester, direct output ye directional coupler i42.85dBm (19.3W), uye leakage iri. Simba riri parutivi rwakaparadzaniswa rinotorwa nemutoro.
Chinobatanidza chinonongedzera chinoshandiswa pakuyera nzvimbo yechiteshi.
Zvinenge zvese zvinotumira mashoko zvinoshandisa nzira iyi pakutsvaga nekutarisa online, uye pamwe nzira iyi chete ndiyo inogona kuvimbisa kuti transmitter ichaongororwa zvakanaka mumamiriro ekushanda akajairika. Asi zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zvakafanana ne transmitter test, uye vanoedza vakasiyana vane zvinovanetsa zvakasiyana. Tichitora WCDMA base stations semuenzaniso, vanofambisa mashoko vanofanira kutarisisa zviratidzo zviri mu frequency band yavo yekushanda (2110~2170MHz), zvakaita semhando yesignal, simba re in-channel, simba re adherence channel, nezvimwewo. Pasi pepfungwa iyi, vagadziri vachaisa pamagumo e output station A narrowband (yakadai se2110~2170MHz) directional coupler kuti vatarise mamiriro ekushanda e transmitter ari in-band uye voitumira kunzvimbo yekudzora chero nguva.
Kana iri iyo inotonga mafrequency eredhiyo - nzvimbo yekutarisa redhiyo yekuyedza zviratidzo zve soft base station, chinangwa chayo chakasiyana zvachose. Zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvekutarisira redhiyo, huwandu hwemafrequency ekuyedza hunowedzerwa kusvika 9kHz ~ 12.75GHz, uye nzvimbo yebase yakaedzwa yakakura kudaro. Imwaranzi yakawanda sei yenhema ichagadzirwa mu frequency band uye inokanganisa mashandiro enguva dzose ezvimwe zviteshi zvebase? Dambudziko renzvimbo dzekutarisa redhiyo. Panguva ino, coupler yedirectional ine bandwidth yakafanana inodiwa kuti itore signal sampling, asi coupler yedirectional inogona kufukidza 9kHz ~ 12.75GHz inoita seisina. Tinoziva kuti kureba kwe coupling arm ye directional coupler kwakabatana ne centre frequency yayo. Bandwidth ye ultra-wideband directional coupler inogona kusvika 5-6 octave bands, senge 0.5-18GHz, asi frequency band iri pasi pe500MHz haigone kuvharwa.
4, kuyera simba repamhepo
Mu tekinoroji yekuyera simba remagetsi kuburikidza ne-through-type, chinobatanidza chinonongedzera chinhu chakakosha zvikuru. Mufananidzo unotevera unoratidza dhayagiramu yehurongwa hwekuyera simba remagetsi rinopfuudzwa ne-high-power. Simba remberi rinobva ku-amplifier riri pasi peTest rinotorwa ne-forward coupling end (terminal 3) ye-directional coupler uye rinotumirwa ku-power meter. Simba rinoratidzwa rinotorwa ne-reverse coupling terminal (terminal 4) uye rinotumirwa ku-power meter.
Chinobatanidza chinonongedzera chinoshandiswa pakuyera simba guru.
Ndokumbirawo mucherechedze: Pamusoro pekugamuchira simba rinoratidzwa kubva pamutoro, reverse coupling terminal (terminal 4) inogamuchirawo simba rekubuda kubva kumberi (terminal 1), izvo zvinokonzerwa nekutungamira kwedirectional coupler. Simba rinoratidzwa ndiro rinotariswa nemuridzi wekuyedza, uye simba rekubuda ndiro sosi huru yekukanganisa mukuyera simba rinoratidzwa. Simba rinoratidzwa uye simba rekubuda zvinoiswa pamusoro pekupedzisira kwereverse coupling (magumo mana) uye zvinotumirwa ku power meter. Sezvo nzira dzekutumira dzezviratidzo zviviri zvakasiyana, i vector superposition. Kana simba rekubuda kubva ku power meter richigona kuenzaniswa nesimba rinoratidzwa, richaburitsa chikanganiso chikuru chekuyera.
Ehe, simba rinoratidzwa kubva pamutoro (mugumo wechipiri) richadonhedzawo kusvika kumagumo ekubatanidza mberi (mugumo wekutanga, usina kuratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pamusoro). Kunyange zvakadaro, hukuru hwaro hushoma kana tichienzanisa nesimba remberi, iro rinoyera simba remberi. Chikanganiso chinobuda chinogona kufuratirwa.
Beijing Rofea Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. iri mu "Silicon Valley" yeChina - Beijing Zhongguancun, ikambani yetekinoroji yepamusoro yakatsaurirwa kushandira masangano ekutsvagisa emuno nekunze kwenyika, masangano ekutsvagisa, mayunivhesiti nevashandi vekutsvagisa sainzi vemabhizinesi. Kambani yedu inonyanya kuita tsvakurudzo yakazvimirira nekugadzira, dhizaini, kugadzira, kutengesa zvigadzirwa zve optoelectronic, uye inopa mhinduro itsva uye masevhisi ehunyanzvi, akagadzirirwa vaongorori vesainzi nemainjiniya emaindasitiri. Mushure memakore ekuvandudza kwakazvimirira, yakagadzira nhevedzano yakapfuma uye yakakwana yezvigadzirwa zve photoelectric, izvo zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri emaguta, emauto, ekufambisa, emagetsi, emari, dzidzo, ekurapa nedzimwe nzvimbo.
Tiri kutarisira kushanda pamwe chete nemi!
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-20-2023