Yekukurukurirana kwakasimba uye kwakabatana, compact silicon-based optoelectronic IQ modulator

Optoelectronic yakagadzirwa nesiliconmodulator yeIQyekutaurirana kwakasimba nekukurumidza
Kuwanda kwezvinodiwa zvekufambisa data zvakanyanya uye ma transceiver anoshanda nesimba zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzedata kwakaita kuti pave nekushanda kwakasimba kwemakombiyuta.ma modulators emazisoTekinoroji ye optoelectronic yakavakirwa pasilicon (SiPh) yave puratifomu inovimbisa yekubatanidza zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zve photonic pane chip imwe chete, zvichigonesa mhinduro dzakasimba uye dzisingadhuri. Chinyorwa chino chichaongorora modulator itsva yesilicon IQ yakavharwa yakavakirwa paGeSi EAMs, iyo inogona kushanda pafrequency inosvika 75 Gbaud.
Dhizaini yemudziyo uye hunhu hwayo
Chishandiso cheIQ modulator chinoshandisa chimiro chemaoko matatu chakamanikana, sezvakaratidzwa paMufananidzo 1 (a). Chine maGeSi EAM matatu nemathermo optical phase shifters matatu, zvichishandisa symmetrical configuration. Chiedza chekupinda chinosanganiswa ne chip kuburikidza ne grating coupler (GC) uye chakakamurwa zvakaenzana kuita nzira nhatu kuburikidza ne 1×3 multimode interferometer (MMI). Mushure mekupfuura nepakati pe modulator ne phase shifter, chiedza chinosanganiswazve neimwe 1×3 MMI uye chobva chabatanidzwa kune single-mode fiber (SSMF).

Mufananidzo 1: (a) Mufananidzo we IQ modulator usingaonekwe zvakanaka; (b) – (d) EO S21, extinction ratio spectrum, uye transmittance yeGeSi EAM imwe chete; (e) Schematic diagram yeIQ modulator uye optical phase inoenderana ne phase shifter; (f) Carrier suppression representation on the complex plane. Sezvakaratidzwa muMufananidzo 1 (b), GeSi EAM ine wide electro-optic bandwidth. Mufananidzo 1 (b) wakayera S21 parameter ye single GeSi EAM test structure uchishandisa 67 GHz optical component analyzer (LCA). Mifananidzo 1 (c) na1 (d) zvakateerana zvinoratidza static extinction ratio (ER) spectra paDC voltages dzakasiyana uye transmission pa wavelength ye1555 nanometers.
Sezvakaratidzwa muMufananidzo 1 (e), chinhu chikuru chedhizaini iyi kugona kudzvinyirira ma optical carriers nekugadzirisa integrated phase shifter muruoko rwepakati. Musiyano wechikamu pakati pemaoko ekumusoro neapasi i π/2, unoshandiswa pakugadzirisa kwakaoma, nepo musiyano wechikamu pakati peruoko rwepakati uri -3 π/4. Kugadziriswa uku kunobvumira kukanganisa kunoparadza kune mutakuri, sezvakaratidzwa mu complex plane yeMufananidzo 1 (f).
Kugadzika kwekuyedza uye mhedzisiro
Kugadziriswa kwekuyedza kwekumhanya kwakanyanya kunoratidzwa muMufananidzo 2 (a). Jenareta ye waveform isina kurongeka (Keysight M8194A) inoshandiswa senzvimbo yechiratidzo, uye ma amplifiers maviri e60 GHz phase matched RF (ane integrated bias tees) anoshandiswa sema modulator emodulator. Voltage ye bias yeGeSi EAM i -2.5 V, uye tambo ye RF matched phase inoshandiswa kuderedza kusawirirana kwe phase yemagetsi pakati peI neQ channels.
Mufananidzo 2: (a) Kugadziriswa kwekuyedza kwekumhanya kwakanyanya, (b) Kudzvinyirirwa kwemutakuri pa70 Gbaud, (c) Kukanganisa kwehuwandu uye chiyero chedata, (d) Kuunganidzwa kwenyeredzi pa70 Gbaud. Shandisa laser yekunze yekunze (ECL) ine linewidth ye100 kHz, wavelength ye1555 nm, uye simba re12 dBm semutakuri wemaziso. Mushure mekuchinja, chiratidzo chemaziso chinowedzerwa uchishandisaamplifier yefayibha ine erbium-doped(EDFA) yekudzorera kurasikirwa kwekubatanidza pa-chip uye kurasikirwa kwekuisa modulator.
Pakusvika pakugamuchira, Optical Spectrum Analyzer (OSA) inotarisa signal spectrum uye carrier depression, sezvakaratidzwa muMufananidzo 2 (b) ye 70 Gbaud signal. Shandisa dual polarization coherent receiver kuti ugamuchire masignals, ayo ane 90 degree optical mixer uye mana.Mafotodiodhi ane mwero we40 GHz, uye yakabatana ne33 GHz, 80 GSa/s real-time oscilloscope (RTO) (Keysight DSOZ634A). Chikamu chechipiri cheECL chine linewidth ye100 kHz chinoshandiswa se local oscillator (LO). Nekuda kwe transmitter inoshanda pasi pemamiriro e single polarization, nzira mbiri dzemagetsi chete ndidzo dzinoshandiswa pakushandura analog-to-digital (ADC). Data iri rinorekodhwa paRTO uye rinogadziriswa uchishandisa offline digital signal processor (DSP).
Sezvakaratidzwa paMufananidzo 2 (c), IQ modulator yakaedzwa ichishandisa QPSK modulation format kubva pa40 Gbaud kusvika pa75 Gbaud. Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza kuti pasi pe7% mamiriro ekugadzirisa hard decision forward error (HD-FEC), chiyero chinogona kusvika 140 Gb/s; Pasi pemamiriro e20% soft decision forward error correction (SD-FEC), kumhanya kunogona kusvika 150 Gb/s. Dhayagiramu yeconstellation pa70 Gbaud inoratidzwa paMufananidzo 2 (d). Mhedzisiro yacho inogumira ne oscilloscope bandwidth ye33 GHz, iyo yakaenzana ne signal bandwidth yeinenge 66 Gbaud.

Sezvakaratidzwa paMufananidzo 2 (b), chimiro chemaoko matatu chinogona kudzvinyirira zvinobudirira macarrier e optical ne blanking rate inodarika 30 dB. Chimiro ichi hachidi kudziviswa kwakazara kwecarrier uye chinogonawo kushandiswa mumareceivers anoda ma carrier to turn signals, akadai se Kramer Kronig (KK) receivers. Carrier inogona kugadziriswa kuburikidza ne central arm phase shifter kuti iwane carrier to sideband ratio inodiwa (CSR).
Zvakanakira uye Mashandisirwo
Zvichienzaniswa nemamodulator echinyakare eMach Zehnder (Mamodulator eMZM) nedzimwe nzira dzekushandisa IQ dze optoelectronic based silicon, nzira iyi ye silicon IQ modulator ine mabhenefiti akawanda. Chekutanga, yakakura zvishoma, idiki kanopfuura kagumi pane nzira dzekushandisa IQ modulator zvichibva paneMach Zehnder modulators(kunze kwema bonding pads), nokudaro zvichiwedzera huwandu hwekubatanidza uye kuderedza nzvimbo yema chip. Chechipiri, dhizaini yema electrode akaunganidzwa haidi kushandiswa kwema terminal resistors, nokudaro ichideredza capacitance yemudziyo nesimba pa bit. Chechitatu, kugona kwekudzora carrier kunowedzera kudzikiswa kwesimba rekutumira, zvichiwedzera kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwesimba.
Pamusoro pezvo, bandwidth yeGeSi EAM yakakura kwazvo (inopfuura 30 nanometers), zvichibvisa kudiwa kwemasekitori ekudzora mhinduro dzemachannel akawanda uye mapurosesa kuti agadzikane uye agone kuenderana neresonance yema microwave modulators (MRMs), nokudaro zvichiita kuti dhizaini ive nyore.
Iyi modulator yeIQ iri kushanda zvakanaka uye yakabatana yakakodzera ma "next-generation", "high channel coherent" uye ma "differencer" madiki ari munzvimbo dzedata, zvichiita kuti pave nehukuru hwepamusoro uye kutaurirana kwemaziso kusingashandise simba rakawanda.
Modulator yesilicon IQ yakadzvanywa necarrier inoratidza kushanda zvakanaka, ine mwero wekutumira data unosvika 150 Gb/s pasi pe20% SD-FEC mamiriro. Chimiro chayo chemaoko matatu chakavakirwa paGeSi EAM chine mabhenefiti makuru maererano netsoka, kushanda zvakanaka kwesimba, uye nyore kwekugadzira. Modulator iyi ine kugona kudzvinyirira kana kugadzirisa optical carrier uye inogona kubatanidzwa ne coherent detection uye Kramer Kronig (KK) detection schemes dze multi line compact coherent transceivers. Zvakaratidzwa izvi zvinotungamira kuzadzikiswa kwe optical transceivers dzakabatana uye dzinoshanda zvakanaka kuti dzisangane nekudiwa kuri kukura kwedata rine simba rakawanda munzvimbo dzedata nedzimwe nzvimbo.