Kutaurirana kweQuantum ndicho chikamu chikuru che tekinoroji yeruzivo rwequantum. Ine zvakanakira zvekuvanzika zvachose, kugona kukuru kwekutaurirana, kumhanya kwekutumira mameseji nekukurumidza, nezvimwewo. Inogona kupedzisa mabasa chaiwo asingakwanise kuitwa nekutaurirana kwekare. Kutaurirana kweQuantum kunogona kushandisa sisitimu yekiyi yakavanzika, iyo isingagoni kutsanangurwa kuti iwane pfungwa chaiyo yekutaurirana kwakachengeteka, saka kutaurirana kwequantum kwave pamberi pesainzi netekinoroji pasi rose. Kutaurirana kweQuantum kunoshandisa mamiriro equantum sechinhu cheruzivo kuti kuone kutumirwa kwemashoko kunobudirira. Ichi chimwe chinjo munhoroondo yekutaurirana mushure mekutaurirana kwefoni nemaziso.
Zvikamu zvikuru zvekutaurirana kwe quantum:
Kugoverwa kwekiyi yeChantum chakavanzika:
Kugoverwa kwekiyi yekwamuchuru yakavanzika hakushandiswi kutumira zvakavanzika. Kunyange zvakadaro, ndeyekugadzira nekutaurirana bhuku recipher, kureva kuti, kupa kiyi yakavanzika kumativi ese ekutaurirana kwevanhu, inozivikanwa sekutaurirana kwequantum cryptography.
Muna 1984, Bennett wekuUnited States naBrassart wekuCanada vakapa zano reBB84 protocol, iro rinoshandisa quantum bits senzira dzekutakura ruzivo kuti rinyore quantum states nekushandisa polarization characters yechiedza kuti chionekwe uye kugoverwa kwakachengeteka kwemakiyi akavanzika. Muna 1992, Bennett akapa zano reB92 protocol rakavakirwa pamatunhu maviri equantum asiri eorthogonal ane flow iri nyore uye hafu yekushanda. Zvirongwa zvese izvi zvakavakirwa pane imwe kana kupfuura seti yematunhu eorthogonal neanonorthogonal single quantum. Pakupedzisira, muna 1991, Ekert wekuUK akapa zano reE91 rakavakirwa pamamiriro ekubatana kwematatu maviri, kureva EPR pair.
Muna 1998, imwe nzira yekutaurirana kwequantum yematunhu matanhatu yakakurudzirwa yekusarudzwa kwepolarization pazvikamu zvitatu zvakabatana zvine mapolarization states mana uye left and proper rotation muBB84 protocol. BB84 protocol yakaratidzwa kuva nzira yakachengeteka yekugovera, iyo isati yambotyorwa nemunhu chero upi zvake kusvika parizvino. Nheyo yequantum kusava nechokwadi uye quantum non-cloning inoita kuti ive yakachengeteka zvakakwana. Nokudaro, EPR protocol ine kukosha kwakakosha kwedzidziso. Inobatanidza quantum state yakavharirwa ne secure quantum communication uye inovhura nzira itsva ye secure quantum communication.
kutumirwa kwekwantumu:
Dzidziso ye quantum teleportation yakakurudzirwa naBennett nevamwe masayendisiti munyika nhanhatu muna 1993 inzira ye pure quantum transmission inoshandisa nzira ye two-particle maximum enclined state kutumira unknown quantum state, uye mwero wekubudirira kwe teleportation uchasvika 100% [2].
Muna 199, boka reZeilinger rekuAustria rakapedza kuyedza kwekutanga kusimbisa musimboti we quantum teleportation murabhoritari. Mumafirimu mazhinji, nyaya yakadaro inowanzoonekwa: chifananidzo chisinganzwisisike chinongoerekana chanyangarika panzvimbo imwe chikaonekwa panzvimbo yacho kamwe kamwe. Zvisinei, nekuti quantum teleportation inotyora musimboti we quantum non-cloning uye Heisenberg kusava nechokwadi mu quantum mechanics, ingori mhando yesainzi ngano mukukurukurirana kwekare.
Zvisinei, pfungwa inoshamisa yekukanganiswa kwequantum inounzwa mukutaurirana kwequantum, iyo inoparadzanisa ruzivo rwemamiriro equantum rwusingazivikanwe rwepakutanga kuita zvikamu zviviri: ruzivo rwequantum neruzivo rwekare, izvo zvinoita kuti chishamiso ichi chinoshamisa chiitike. Ruzivo rwequantum iruzivo rusina kubviswa panguva yekuyera, uye ruzivo rwekare irwo ruyero rwepakutanga.
Kufambira mberi mukukurukurirana kwequantum:
Kubva muna 1994, kutaurirana kwequantum kwave kupinda zvishoma nezvishoma muchikamu chekuedza uye kuchifambira mberi kuchinangwa chinoshanda, icho chine kukosha kukuru kwekusimudzira uye mabhenefiti ehupfumi. Muna 1997, Pan Jianwei, musayendisiti wechidiki wekuChina, uye Bow Meister, musayendisiti wekuDutch, vakaedza uye vakaona kutapurirana kwequantum states dzisingazivikanwi kure.
Muna Kubvumbi 2004, Sorensen nevamwe vake vakaona 1.45km yekutumira data pakati pemabhangi kekutanga nekushandisa quantum entanglement distribution, zvichiratidza quantum communication kubva murabhoritari kusvika padanho rekushandisa. Parizvino, tekinoroji yekutaurirana kwequantum yakakwezva kutariswa kukuru kubva kuhurumende, maindasitiri, nedzidzo. Mamwe makambani epasi rose ane mukurumbira ari kushingairawo mukusimudzira kutengeserana kweruzivo rwequantum, senge British telephone and Telegraph Company, bell, IBM, at & T laboratories muUnited States, kambani yeToshiba muJapan, kambani yeSiemens muGermany, nezvimwewo. Uyezve, muna 2008, "chirongwa chepasi rose chekugadzira network yekukurukurirana yakachengeteka yakavakirwa pa quantum cryptography" cheEuropean Union chakagadzira network yekuratidzira nekusimbisa kutaurirana yakachengeteka ine node 7.
Muna 2010, magazini yeTime yeUnited States yakashuma kubudirira kwekuyedza kweChina kwe16 km quantum teleportation muchikamu che "explosive news" chine musoro wekuti "leap of China's Quantum Science," zvichiratidza kuti China inogona kugadzira network yekutaurirana kwequantum pakati penyika nesatellite [3]. Muna 2010, National Intelligence and Communication Research Institute of Japan neMitsubishi Electric and NEC, ID dzakaongororwa neSwitzerland, Toshiba Europe Limited, neVienna yese yeAustria dzakagadzira network yekutaurirana kwequantum yemaguta matanhatu "Tokyo QKD network" muTokyo. Network iyi inotarisa pamhedzisiro yekutsvagisa yazvino yemasangano ekutsvagisa nemakambani ane nhanho yepamusoro yekuvandudza tekinoroji yekutaurirana kwequantum muJapan neEurope.
Beijing Rofea Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. iri mu "Silicon Valley" yeChina - Beijing Zhongguancun, ikambani yetekinoroji yepamusoro yakatsaurirwa kushandira masangano ekutsvagisa emuno nekunze kwenyika, masangano ekutsvagisa, mayunivhesiti nevashandi vekutsvagisa sainzi vemabhizinesi. Kambani yedu inonyanya kuita tsvakurudzo yakazvimirira nekugadzira, dhizaini, kugadzira, kutengesa zvigadzirwa zve optoelectronic, uye inopa mhinduro itsva uye masevhisi ehunyanzvi, akagadzirirwa vaongorori vesainzi nemainjiniya emaindasitiri. Mushure memakore ekuvandudza kwakazvimirira, yakagadzira nhevedzano yakapfuma uye yakakwana yezvigadzirwa zve photoelectric, izvo zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri emaguta, emauto, ekufambisa, emagetsi, emari, dzidzo, ekurapa nedzimwe nzvimbo.
Tiri kutarisira kushanda pamwe chete nemi!
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-05-2023