Laser anoreva maitiro uye chiridzwa chekugadzira yakadzvanywa, monochromatic, yakabatana mwenje tsungudhati kuburikidza nekukurudzirwa radiation kukwikwidza uye inodiwa mhinduro. Chaizvoizvo, chizvarwa cheLaser chinoda zvinhu zvitatu: "gogo," pfuma, "uye" kuputika. "
A. Nheyo
Mamiriro ekufamba kwechaatomu anogona kukamurwa kuita akasiyana esimba mazinga, uye kana tom transhions kubva kune yakakwira simba resimba kune yakaderera simba, inoburitsa maficha ekuenderana Saizvozvo, apo Photon yakaitika pane imwe simba chiyero uye yakakwenenzverwa nayo, ichaita kuti atongere kushandurire kubva kune yakaderera simba kune yakakwirira simba remagetsi (so-inonzi inonakidza kunyudza); Zvadaro, mamwe maatomu ayo shanduko kune yakakwirira simba mazinga anozoshandura kudzikisa masimba emhando uye emit maficha (anonzi anonzi radiation yakakurumbira). Aya mafambiro haaiti ari munzvimbo yekuzviparadzanisa nevamwe, asi kazhinji achifananidza. Patinogadzira mamiriro ezvinhu, sekushandisa iyo yakakodzera svikiro, munda wemagetsi wakakwana, radiation yakakwirisa inowedzera kukurumidza, saka kazhinji, pachave neicho chakaburitswa, zvichikonzerwa neLaser mwenje.
B. Kugadziriswa
Sekureva kwesvikiro rinobereka laser, laser rinofanirwa kukamurwa kuita mvura laser, gasi laser uye yakasimba laser. Iye zvino iyo yakajairika Semiconductor Laser rudzi rwe yakasimba-nyika laser.
C. Kuumbwa
Mazhinji lasers anoumbwa nezvikamu zvitatu: Inonakidza system, laser zvinhu uye optical resonator. Inonakidza masisitimu midziyo inoburitsa mwenje, yemagetsi kana yemakemikari simba. Parizvino, iyo huru incentives zvinoreva kushandiswa mwenje, magetsi kana makemikari maitiro. Zvinhu zveLaser zvinhu izvo zvinogona kuburitsa laser mwenje, senge rubersium, neon gasi, nzvimbo yemakiromita, etces.
D. Kushandisa
Laser inoshandiswa zvakanyanya, kunyanya fiber kutaurirana, laser inotanga, laser kutema, laser zvombo, laser disc uye zvichingodaro.
E. Nhoroondo
Muna 1958, masayendisiti eAmerica Xiaoluo uye taundi akawana chidimbu chemashiripiti: Pavakaisa mwenje wechiedza chemukati pane chinhu chisingawanzoitika Crypstal, iyo maMolekyudhi anokatyamadza, anogara achiedza. Sekureva uku, vakataura nezve "Laser", izvo, kana chinhu chacho chichifara nesimba remafuro echisimba, zvichabereka chiedza ichi chisingadzorekesa - Laser. Vakawana mapepa akakosha nekuda kweizvi.
Mushure mekuburitswa kweSciolo uye masaini ekutsvagisa, masayendisiti anobva munyika dzakasiyana siyana anokurudzirwa zviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuedza, asi hazvina kubudirira. Musi waMay 15, 1960, Mayman, musayendisiti paHages Laboratori, akazivisa kuti aimbova micons of 0.6943
Musi waChikunguru 7, 1960, Mayman akazivisa kuberekwa kwepasirese
Soviet Scientist H.γ Basov akagadzira Semiconductor Laser muna 1960. Chimiro cheSemiconductor Laser chinowanzoumbwa neP layer, n layer uye inoshanda isaya inoumba kaviri heterojunction. Hunhu hwayo ndehwe: size size, yakakwira kuwanda kwekukurumidza, kukurumidza kupindura, wavelength uye saizi yakakwana neyekupedzisira fiber sizi, inogona kuunganidzwa zvakananga, zvakanaka cohence.
Nhanhatu, mamwe emakwara makuru ekunyorera eLaser
F. Laser kutaurirana
Uchishandisa mwenje kuburitsa ruzivo rwakajairika nhasi. Semuenzaniso, ngarava dzinoshandisa mwenje kutaura, uye magetsi emagetsi anoshandisa tsvuku, yero, uye girini. Asi zvese idzi nzira dzekuendesa ruzivo uchishandisa yakajairika mwenje inogona kungogumira kune mapfupi marefu. Kana iwe uchida kuendesa ruzivo zvakananga kunzvimbo dziri kure kuburikidza nemwenje, haugone kushandisa zvakajairika mwenje, asi shandisa chete lasers.
Saka unounza sei laser? Isu tinoziva kuti magetsi anogona kutakurwa nemawaya emhangura, asi mwenje haugone kutakurwa pamwe chete neyakajairika simbi waya. Kuti izvi zviitike, masayendisiti akagadzira rwendo rwunogona kuendesa mwenje, inonzi Optical fiber, inotaurwa nezvayo fiber. Optical fiber yakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvakakosha zvegirazi, dhayamita yakatetepa pane bvudzi revanhu, kazhinji makumi mashanu kusvika zana nemakumi mashanu emicons, uye akapfava kwazvo.
Muchokwadi, iyo yemukati yemukati yeiyo fiber index yakakwira yegirazi yechokwadi yegirazi, uye iyo yekunze yekubatanidza yakagadzirwa neiyo yakaderera yegirazi girazi kana epurasitiki. Chimiro chakadai, pane rumwe rutivi, chinogona kuita kuti mwenje ubviswe pamwe necho chemukati, semvura inoyerera kumberi kwepombi yemvura, magetsi anotakurirwa mumvura, kunyangwe zviuru zvevhu uye zvichichinjika. Kune rimwe divi, iyo yakaderera-yekudzora index inokwereta inogona kudzivirira mwenje kubva kunze, sezvo pombi yemvura isingaonekeya uye iyo inspulation denderedzwa hariitire magetsi.
Kuonekwa kweiyo Optical fiber inogadzirisa nzira yekuparadzira mwenje, asi hazvireve kuti nazvo, chero mwenje unogona kuendeswa kure kure kure. Chete kupenya kwakanyanya, ruvara rwakachena, runako rwakanaka laser, ndirwo runyararo rwechiedza kuendesa ruzivo, irikuisa kubva kune imwe mugumo weiyo fiber, kanenge pasina kurasikirwa uye kubuda kubva kune mumwe mugumo. Naizvozvo, kutaurirana kweye Opticals kunonyatso kutaurirana, izvo zvine zvakanakira kugona kukuru, zvakakwirira, zvakavanzika, etc., uye ndechimwe chezvakanyanya kuitwa nemunda wekuchinja kwehunyanzvi.
Tumira nguva: Jun-29-2023