Kuzivisa "Mweya" wema lasers akasimba

Kuzivisa "Mweya" wema lasers akasimba

Nzvimbo hurulaser yakasimba-statezvinhu

Chinhu chikuru che laser chero ipi zvayo ichinhu chinoshanda ne laser, uye chinhu chinoshanda che solid-statelaseryakanyanya kuoma. Mazhinji ma solid-state laser media anoumbwa nema crystal matrices nema doped atoms kana ma ions ane laser activity, nepo ma amorphous (girazi) matrices asingawanzoitiki. Kuvandudzwa kwazvino mu ceramic preparation technology kunotarisirwa kuwedzera zvakanyanya mashandisirwo e laser materials asingadhuri uye emhando yepamusoro, ayo anogona kugadzirwa nehukuru hwakakura kupfuura hwe crystal materials.

Zvinhu zvepakati zvinowanzo shandiswa zve laser yakasimba-state

Ruby: Muumbirwo wayo wemakemikari i chromium-doped aluminum oxide (Cr:Al₂O₃). Rubies dzekugadzira dzine muumbirwo wakafanana nerubies dzemhando yepamusoro, asi dzakachena uye dzakanaka. Dzinoita sepingi uye dzine laser wavelength ye694.3 nanometers.

2. Neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG): Kristaro yekugadzira, ine laser wavelength ye1064 nanometers, ndeye near-infrared light uye haioneki zvachose uye haina kuchengetedzeka kumaziso. Nd:YAG ndiyo solid-state laser material inoshandiswa zvakanyanya parizvino, inodarika ruby. Chikonzero chikuru ndechekuti laser threshold yayo yakaderera, uye inogona kuwana simba rakawanda rekuburitsa pasi pesimba rimwe chete rekupinda.

3. Neodymium-doped yttrium vanadate (Nd:YVO₄) Inowanzonzi "vanadate", yave chinhu chinodiwa nema lasers ane simba rakaderera kusvika pakati (kusvika ma watts akati wandei) ane diode-pumped solid-state lasers nekuda kwehukuru hwayo hwe stimulated emission cross-section, low laser threshold uye polarized output characteristics. Ma wavelengths anoshanda i1064 nanometers uye 1340 nanometers, uye mushure mekupetwa kaviri, inogona kuburitsa ma lasers ane wavelengths e532 nanometers uye 670 nanometers.

4. Girazi rakasanganiswa neNeodymium (Nd:Girazi): Richishandisa girazi risingachinji sematrix, hunhu hwaro hwelaser hwakafanana nehweNd:YAG. Dambudziko guru raro nderekuti kupisa kwaro kwakaderera, 1/10 chete yekristaro, zvichiita kuti zviome kutonhora mukushandiswa kwesimba guru. Zvisinei, mukana waro uri pakuti rinogona kugadzirwa kuita laser media ine dhayamita inopfuura futi imwe, zvichidzora simba zvakanyanya, zvichidzivirira kukuvara kwezvikamu zve optical mu kilojoule-level.laser inoputika, uye ine mutengo wakaderera.

Zvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha zve laser zvine simba, zvinhu zvakasanganiswa ne erbium: zvinosanganisira erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG, output wavelength 2940 nanometers) uye erbium-doped Glass (Er:Girazi, output wavelength 1540 nanometers). Zvinhu zvakasanganiswa ne Holmium: zvinosanganisira holmium doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Ho:YAG), holmium doped lithium yttrium fluoride (Ho:YLF), uye holmium doped Glass (Ho:girazi, output wavelength 2000 kusvika 2100 nanometers). Zvinhu zvakasanganiswa neThulium: zvinosanganisira thulium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Tm:YAG), thulium-doped lutetium aluminum garnet (Tm:LuAG), uye thulium-holmium co-doped lithium yttrium fluoride (Tm,Ho:YLF, output wavelength 2000 kusvika 2030 nanometers). Zvinhu zvakasanganiswa neYtterbium: zvakaita seytterbium-doped potassium gadolinium tungstate (Yb:KGW, output wavelength 1025 kusvika 1045 nanometers). Alexandrite (output wavelength 655 kusvika 815 nanometers). Titanium-doped Sapphire (Ti:Sapphire, output wavelength 840 kusvika 1100 nanometers)