Munguva pfupi yapfuura, Institute of Applied Physics yeRussian Academy of Sciences yakaunza eXawatt Center for Extreme Light Study (XCELS), chirongwa chekutsvagisa chemidziyo mikuru yesainzi yakavakirwa pakushandisa zvakanyanya.ma laser ane simba guruChirongwa ichi chinosanganisira kuvaka kwechivakwa chelaser ine simba guruzvichibva pa tekinoroji ye optical parametric chirped pulse amplification mu large aperture potassium dideuterium phosphate (DKDP, chemical formula KD2PO4) crystals, ine huwandu hwese hunotarisirwa hwe 600 PW peak power pulses. Basa iri rinopa ruzivo rwakakosha uye zvakawanikwa pakutsvagisa nezve XCELS project nema laser systems ayo, zvichitsanangura mashandisirwo uye mhedzisiro inogona kuitika ine chekuita nekudyidzana kwe ultra-strong light field.
Chirongwa cheXCELS chakatangwa muna 2011 nechinangwa chekutanga chekusvika padanho repamusorolasersimba remhepo rinobuda ne200 PW, iro parizvino rakagadziridzwa kusvika 600 PW.sisitimu yelaserinovimba nematekinoroji matatu akakosha:
(1) Tekinoroji yeOptical Parametric Chirped Pulse Amplification (OPCPA) inoshandiswa pachinzvimbo chetekinoroji yechinyakare yeChirped Pulse Amplification (Chirped Pulse Amplification, OPCPA). CPA;
(2) Uchishandisa DKDP senzira yekuwana simba, ultra wideband phase matching inowanikwa pedyo ne910 nm wavelength;
(3) Laser yegirazi ine aperture hombe ine simba rekurova rezviuru zvemajoules inoshandiswa kupomba parametric amplifier.
Kufananidza kwechikamu cheUltra-wideband kunowanikwa zvakanyanya mumakristaro akawanda uye kunoshandiswa muOPCPA femtosecond lasers. Makristaro eDKDP anoshandiswa nekuti ndiwo ega anowanikwa mukuita anogona kukura kusvika pamasendimita gumi ekuvhurika uye panguva imwe chete ane hunhu hwakanaka hwe optical hunotsigira kuwedzera kwesimba re multi-PW.lasersZvakaonekwa kuti kana kristaro yeDKDP ikapombwa nechiedza chedouble frequency cheND glass laser, kana carrier wavelength yeamplified pulse iri 910 nm, matemu matatu ekutanga eTaylor expansion yewave vector mismatch i0.
Mufananidzo 1 ihurongwa hwe XCELS laser system. Kumberi kwakagadzira ma "chirped femtosecond pulses" ane "central wavelength" ye910 nm (1.3 muMufananidzo 1) uye 1054 nm nanosecond pulses dzakapinzwa muOPCPA pumped laser (1.1 na 1.2 muMufananidzo 1). Kumberi kunoonawo kuti ma "pulses" aya anowirirana pamwe nesimba rinodiwa uye parameters dze "spatiotemporal". OPCPA inoshanda padanho repamusoro rekudzokorora (1 Hz) inowedzera "chirped pulse" kusvika kumakumi e "joules" (2 muMufananidzo 1). "Pulse" inowedzerwazve neBooster OPCPA kuita "kilojoule beam" imwe chete uye yakakamurwa kuita ma "sub-beams" gumi nemaviri akafanana (4 muMufananidzo 1). MuOPCPA yekupedzisira yegumi nembiri, imwe neimwe ye12 chirped light pulses inowedzerwa kusvika pachiyero chekilojoule (5 muMufananidzo 1) uye yobva yadzvanywa ne12 compression gratings (GC ye6 muMufananidzo 1). Acousto-optic programmable dispersion filter inoshandiswa kumberi kwekupedzisira kudzora zvakananga group velocity dispersion uye high order dispersion, kuitira kuti iwane diki diki pulse width. Pulse spectrum ine chimiro cheinenge 12th-order supergauss, uye spectral bandwidth pa1% yehukuru hwepamusoro i150 nm, inoenderana neFourier transform limit pulse width ye17 fs. Tichifunga nezve compensation isina kukwana uye kuoma kwe nonlinear phase compensation muma parametric amplifiers, pulse width inotarisirwa i20 fs.
Laser yeXCELS ichashandisa ma module maviri eUFL-2M neodymium glass laser frequency doubling maviri ane machannel 8 (3 muMufananidzo 1), ayo machannel gumi nematatu achashandiswa kupomba Booster OPCPA uye machannel gumi nemaviri ekupedzisira eOPCPA. Machannel matatu asara achashandiswa se nanosecond kilojoule yakazvimiririra inopurwa.masosi elaserkune zvimwe zviedzo. Zvichingogumira pakukanganiswa kwechiedza kwemakristaro eDKDP, simba rekupenya kwemhepo inopombwa rakaiswa pa1.5 GW/cm2 kune imwe neimwe chiteshi uye nguva yacho i3.5 ns.
Nzira imwe neimwe yeXCELS laser inogadzira mapulse ane simba re50 PW. Machannel gumi nemaviri anopa simba rese rekuburitsa re600 PW. Mukamuri guru rechinangwa, simba guru rekutarisisa rechiteshi chimwe nechimwe mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka i0.44×1025 W/cm2, tichifunga kuti zvinhu zveF/1 zvinotarisisa zvinoshandiswa pakutarisisa. Kana pulse yechiteshi chimwe nechimwe ikamanikidzwa zvakare kusvika pa2.6 fs nehunyanzvi hwe post-compression, simba re pulse rinobuda rinoenderana richawedzerwa kusvika pa230 PW, zvichienderana nesimba rechiedza re2.0×1025 W/cm2.
Kuti chiedza chiwedzere kupenya, pa600 PW output, ma light pulses ari muma channels gumi nemaviri achatariswa mu geometry ye inverse dipole radiation, sezvakaratidzwa muMufananidzo 2. Kana pulse phase mu channel yega yega isina kuvharwa, focus intensity inogona kusvika 9 × 1025 W/cm2. Kana pulse phase yega yega yakavharirwa uye yakabatana, coherent mhedzisiro yechiedza ichawedzerwa kusvika 3.2 × 1026 W/cm2. Kuwedzera kune main target room, XCELS project inosanganisira ma user laboratory anosvika gumi, rimwe nerimwe richigamuchira beam rimwe kana kupfuura rekuyedza. Ichishandisa iyi light field yakasimba kwazvo, XCELS project inoronga kuita experiments muzvikamu zvina: quantum electrodynamics processes mu intense laser fields; Kugadzirwa nekukurumidzira kwezvikamu; Kugadzirwa kwesecondary electromagnetic radiation; Laboratory astrophysics, high energy density processes uye diagnostic research.
Mufananidzo 2. Geometry yekutarisa mukamuri huru yekunanga. Kuti zvive pachena, girazi remufananidzo redanda 6 rakaiswa kuti rive pachena, uye matanda ekupinda nekubuda anoratidza nzira mbiri chete 1 ne7.
Mufananidzo 3 unoratidza marongerwo enzvimbo yega yega inoshanda yeXCELS laser system muchivako chekuedza. Magetsi, mapombi evacuum, kurapwa kwemvura, kuchenesa uye mhepo inotonhodza zviri mupasi. Nzvimbo yese yekuvaka inopfuura 24,000 m2. Simba rese rinoshandiswa rinosvika 7.5 MW. Chivako chekuedza chine furemu yemukati ine hollow uye chikamu chekunze, chimwe nechimwe chakavakirwa panheyo mbiri dzakaparadzana. Vacuum nedzimwe nzira dzinokonzera kudedera dzakaiswa pahwaro hwakasiyana, kuitira kuti amplitude yekukanganiswa kunotumirwa kuhurongwa hwelaser kuburikidza nehwaro nerutsigiro ideredzwe kusvika pasi pe10-10 g2/Hz muhuwandu hwefrequency hwe1-200 Hz. Pamusoro pezvo, network ye geodesic reference markers inoiswa muhall yelaser kuti iongorore kuyerera kwevhu nemidziyo.
Chirongwa cheXCELS chine chinangwa chekugadzira nzvimbo huru yekutsvagisa kwesainzi yakavakirwa pamalaser esimba repamusoro-soro. Imwe nzira yeXCELS laser system inogona kupa simba rechiedza rakatarisana rakapetwa kakawanda kupfuura 1024 W/cm2, iro rinogona kudarika ne1025 W/cm2 netekinoroji yepost-compression. Nekupinza mapulse kubva kumachannel gumi nemaviri mu laser system, simba riri pedyo ne1026 W/cm2 rinogona kuwanikwa kunyangwe pasina post-compression uye phase locking. Kana phase synchronization pakati pechannels yakakiyiwa, simba rechiedza richakwira kanoverengeka. Uchishandisa aya marekodhi ekupwanya kwesimba uye multi-channel beam layout, XCELS facility yeramangwana ichakwanisa kuita kuyedza nesimba rakawanda, kugoverwa kwakaoma kwechiedza, uye kuongorora kupindirana uchishandisa multi-channel laser beams uye secondary radiation. Izvi zvichaita basa rakasiyana mumunda we super-strong electromagnetic field experimental physics.
Nguva yekutumira: Kurume-26-2024