Zvimiro zvepakutanga zvema "optical signal photodetectors"

Zvimiro zvehunhu hwekutanga zvechiratidzo chemazisophotodetectors:

Tisati taongorora mhando dzakasiyana dzema photodetectors, tarisai hunhu hwemashandisirwo ekushanda kwemafoto detector echiratidzo chemazisozvakapfupikiswa. Hunhu uhwu hunosanganisira reactivity, spectral response, noise equivalent power (NEP), specific detectivity, uye specific detectivity. D*), quantum efficiency, uye response time.

1. Kupindura Rd kunoshandiswa kuratidza kunzwisisika kwemhinduro yemudziyo kusimba remwaranzi yemaziso. Inomiririrwa nechiyero chechiratidzo chinobuda nechiratidzo chechiitiko. Hunhu uhwu hahuratidzi hunhu hweruzha rwemudziyo, asi chete kushanda zvakanaka kwekushandura simba remwaranzi yemagetsi kuita magetsi kana voltage. Saka, inogona kusiyana newavelength yechiratidzo chechiedza chechiitiko. Pamusoro pezvo, hunhu hwemhinduro yesimba hunoenderanawo nekushandiswa kwebias uye tembiricha yemhepo.

2. Hunhu hwemhinduro yespectral iparameter inoratidza hukama huripo pakati pehunhu hwemhinduro yesimba remuchina wekuona chiratidzo uye basa rewavelength yechiratidzo cheincident optical. Hunhu hwemhinduro yespectral hwema photodetector echiratidzo cheoptical pama wavelength akasiyana hunowanzo tsanangurwa nehuwandu ne "spectral response curve". Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti hunhu hwemhinduro yepamusoro yespectral chete mu curve ndihwo hunoongororwa ne absolute value, uye humwe hunhu hwemhinduro yespectral pama wavelength akasiyana hunoratidzwa ne normalized relative values ​​zvichibva pane hunhu hwemhinduro yespectral.

3. Simba rinoenzana neruzha ndiro simba rechiratidzo chechiedza chechiitiko chinodiwa kana voltage yechiratidzo chekubudisa inogadzirwa nechinhu chinoongorora chiratidzo chemaziso yakaenzana nedanho revoltage yeruzha yemudziyo wacho pachawo. Ndicho chinhu chikuru chinosarudza simba shoma rechiratidzo chemaziso rinogona kuyerwa nechinhu chinoongorora chiratidzo chemaziso, kureva, kunzwisisika kwekuona.

4. Kunzwa kwekuona kwakanangana neruzivo rwekuona (specific detection sensitivity) chiratidzo chinoratidza hunhu hwezvinhu zvinonzwa chiedza zvemuchina wekuona. Chinomiririra huwandu hwakaderera hwe photon current density hunogona kuyerwa ne optical signal detector. Kukosha kwayo kunogona kusiyana zvichienderana nemamiriro ekushanda kwe wavelength detector yechiedza chakayerwa (senge ambient temperature, applied bias, nezvimwewo). Kana bandwidth yemuchina wekuona yakakura, nzvimbo ye optical signal detector yakakura, simba re equivalent noise NEP diki, uye kunzwika kwekuona kwakanangana neruzivo rwekuona kwakakwira. Kunzwa kwekuona kwakanangana neruzivo rwekuona kwakakwira kunoreva kuti yakakodzera kuona zviratidzo zve optical zvisina kusimba zvakanyanya.

5. Kushanda zvakanaka kweQuantum Q chimwe chinhu chakakosha chinoratidza optical signal detector. Inotsanangurwa sechiyero chehuwandu hwe "mhinduro" dzinoverengeka dzinogadzirwa nephotomon iri mu detector nehuwandu hwe photons incident pamusoro pezvinhu zvinonzwa nechiedza. Semuenzaniso, kune vanoongorora chiedza vanoshanda pa photon emission, quantum efficiency chiyero chehuwandu hwe photoelectrons dzinoburitswa kubva pamusoro pezvinhu zvinonzwa nechiedza kusvika kuhuwandu hwe photons yechiratidzo chakayerwa chakatariswa pamusoro. Mu optical signal detector inoshandisa pn junction semiconductor material sensitive material, quantum efficiency ye detector inoverengerwa nekukamura huwandu hwema electron hole pairs anogadzirwa nechiedza chakayerwa nenhamba ye incident signal photons. Imwe nzira yakajairika ye quantum efficiency ye optical signal detector ndeyekushandisa detector's responsivity Rd.

6. Nguva yekupindura chinhu chakakosha pakuratidza kumhanya kwekupindura kwechiratidzo che optical signal kune shanduko yesimba rechiratidzo chechiedza chakayerwa. Kana chiratidzo chechiedza chakayerwa chagadziriswa kuita chimiro chekumhanya kwechiedza, simba rechiratidzo chemagetsi chepulse chinogadzirwa nekushanda kwaro pachinhu chinoyerwa chinofanira "kukwira" kuenda ku "peak" inoenderana mushure menguva yakati yekupindura, uye kubva pa "peak" uye wobva wadzokera ku "zero value" yekutanga inoenderana nekushanda kwesimba rechiedza. Kuti titsanangure mhinduro yechinhu chinoyerwa kukuchinja kwesimba rechiratidzo chechiedza chakayerwa, nguva iyo simba rechiratidzo chemagetsi chinogadzirwa nekurova kwechiedza kwechiitiko chinokwira kubva pa10% kusvika 90% inonzi "rise time", uye nguva iyo waveform yechiratidzo chemagetsi chepulse inodonha kubva pa90% kusvika 10% inonzi "fall time" kana "decay time".

7. Kuenderana kwemhinduro chimwe chinhu chakakosha chinoratidza hukama hunoshanda pakati pemhinduro yechiratidzo chemaziso uye simba rechiratidzo chechiedza chakayerwa nechiitiko. Zvinoda kubuda kwechiratidzo chemazisokuti ive yakaenzana mukati mehuwandu hwakati hwehukuru hwechiratidzo cheoptical chakayerwa. Kazhinji zvinotsanangurwa kuti kutsauka kweperesenti kubva pamutsara wekupinda-kubuda mukati mehuwandu hwakatarwa hwehukuru hwechiratidzo cheoptical chinopinda ndiko kuenderana kwemhinduro kwechiratidzo cheoptical chinoona.