Chii chinonziKana photodetector
Nekukura kuri kuita tekinoroji yemazuva ano nekukurumidza, ma photodetector, semuchina unokosha wekunzwa, ave kuonekwa nevanhu zvishoma nezvishoma. Kunyanya Si photodetector (silicon photodetector), nekushanda kwavo kwepamusoro-soro uye mikana yakawanda yekushandisa, vanyanya kutariswa. Chinyorwa chino chichapa tsananguro yakadzama asi iri nyore kunzwisisa yenheyo dzekutanga, magadzirirwo azvo, minda yekushandisa, uye mafambiro ekuvandudza eramangwana e silicon photodetectors kune wese munhu.
Nheyo huru yeSi photodetectors inobva pamhedzisiro yephotoelectric. Kana maphoton akarova zvinhu zve semiconductor, maerekitironi nemaburi maviri anogadzirwa, izvo zvinozogadzira magetsi. Zvinhu zvesilicon zvine hunhu hwakanaka hwekupinza chiedza, kunyanya mumabhendi anooneka uye ari pedyo neinfrared, saka zvakakodzera kushandiswa sezvinhu zvekutanga zvemaphotodetectors. Nheyo yekushanda yeSi photodetectors inogona kupfupikiswa mumatanho akati wandei: kuitika kwephoton, kupinza kwephoton, kugadzira carrier uye kubuda kwemagetsi.
Panyaya yemagadzirirwo ema "silicon photodetectors", anowanzo kamurwa kuita zvikamu zvikuru: "light receiving layer", "gain layer" uye "electrode layer". "Light receiving layer" ndiyo inokonzera kunyudzwa kwechiedza chechiitiko uye kugadzira "carriers", nepo "gain layer" ichishandiswa kuwedzera huwandu hwe "carriers", nokudaro ichisimudzira "sensitivity" ye "detector". "Electrode layer" ndiyo inokonzera kuunganidza "carriers" uye kugadzira "current signals". Chimiro chakagadzirwa zvakanaka chinogona kuwedzera mashandiro e "detector", zvakaita sekuvandudza mashandiro e "photoelectric conversion" uye kuderedza ruzha.
Nzvimbo dzekushandisa silicon photodetector dzakakura zvikuru, dzichifukidza zvinhu zvakawanda zvakaita sekutaurirana, kufungidzira, uye kutarisa nharaunda. Mukutaurirana kwemaziso, ma detector akavakirwa pasilicon anoshandiswa kugamuchira ma optical signals uye kuashandura kuita ma electrical signals kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti ruzivo rwunotumirwa nekukurumidza. Mubasa rekufungidzira, Si photodetector inowanzo shandiswa muma digital camera nema webcams kubatsira kutora mifananidzo yakajeka. Si photodetector inogona zvakare kushandiswa mukutarisa nharaunda, kuona mamiriro enharaunda nekutarisa shanduko muchiedza, senge kuona kuvapo kwezvinosvibisa.
Mune ramangwana, mafambiro ekugadzirwa kwesilicon photodetector achanyanya kuratidzwa muzvinhu zvinotevera. Kuvandudzwa kwezvinhu kunotarisirwa kuwedzera mashandiro ezvioni, zvakaita sekushandiswa kwezviyero zvitsva kana zvinhu zvakasanganiswa kuti zviwedzere kugona kwechiedza uye kuvandudza kushanda kwequantum. Kugadziriswa kwekugadzirwa kwechivakwa inzira yakakoshawo. Kuburikidza netekinoroji yekugadzira zvinhu, miniaturization nekubatanidzwa zvinogona kuwanikwa kuti zviwedzere kunzwisisika uye kumhanya kwekupindura kwemudziyo wekuona fotoNekubatanidza tekinoroji yepamusoro yekugadzirisa masaini, chiyero chechiratidzo-kune-ruzha che detector chinogona kuwedzerwa, zvichiita kuti chigadzikane munzvimbo dzakaoma. Kana photodetector, semuchina unokosha we sensor, iri kuchinja hupenyu hwedu zvishoma nezvishoma nekushanda kwayo kwakanaka uye mikana yakawanda yekushandisa. Nekufambira mberi kuri kuramba kuchiita tekinoroji, ma photodetector akavakirwa pa silicon achaita basa rakakosha muminda yakawanda, zvichiunza mikana yakawanda mune ramangwana redu.
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-01-2025