Chii chinonzi aNdiwo photodetector
Nekukurumidza kukurumidza kwehunyanzvi hwemazuva ano, mafotodetectors, sechinhu chakakosha sensor mudziyo, zvishoma nezvishoma auya mukuona kwevanhu. Kunyanya Si photodetector (silicon photodetector), nekuita kwavo kwepamusoro uye tarisiro yakakura yekushandisa, vakagamuchira kutariswa kwakakura. Ichi chinyorwa chinopa yakadzama asi iri nyore-ku-kunzwisisa tsananguro yemisimboti, zvimiro zvechimiro, minda yekushandisa, uye ramangwana rekusimudzira maitiro esilicon photodetectors kune wese munhu.
Nheyo yekutanga yeSi photodetectors yakavakirwa pane iyo photoelectric effect. Kana mafotoni achirova semiconductor zvinhu, ma electron-hole pairs anogadzirwa, izvo zvinozoita magetsi. Silicon zvinhu zvine yakanakisa kunyudza mwenje zvivakwa, kunyanya mumabhendi anooneka uye ari pedyo-infrared, uye nekudaro akakodzera kwazvo kushandiswa seyakadzika zvinhu zvemafotodetectors. Nheyo yekushanda yeSi photodetectors inogona kungopfupikiswa mumatanho akati wandei: chiitiko chephoton, kutora photon, chizvarwa chekutakura uye zvazvino kubuda.
Panyaya yechimiro chesilicon photodetectors, anowanzo kupatsanurwa kuita zvikamu zvakati wandei: mwenje unogashira layer, kuwana layer uye electrode layer. Iyo mwenje inogashira layer ine basa rekutora chiitiko chiedza uye kugadzira vatakuri, nepo kuwana layer inoshandiswa kuwedzera huwandu hwevatakuri, nekudaro ichiwedzera kunzwisiswa kwe detector. Iyo electrode layer ine basa rekuunganidza vatakuri uye kugadzira masaini azvino. Chimiro chakanyatsogadzirwa chinogona kunyatso kusimudzira kushanda kwe detector, zvakadai sekuvandudza photoelectric shanduko yekushandura uye kuderedza ruzha.
Iyo minda yekushandisa yesilicon photodetector yakakura kwazvo, inovhara akawanda maficha akadai sekutaurirana, kufungidzira, uye kutarisa kwezvakatipoteredza. Mukukurukurirana kwemaziso, ma-silicon-based detectors anoshandiswa kugamuchira zviratidzo zvemaziso uye achishandura kuva zviratidzo zvemagetsi kuti ave nechokwadi chekufambisa kwemashoko nokukurumidza. Mundima yekufungidzira, Si photodetector inowanzoshandiswa mumakamera e digital uye webcams kubatsira kutora mifananidzo yakajeka. Si photodetector inogona zvakare kuiswa mukutarisisa kwezvakatipoteredza, kuona mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza nekutarisa shanduko muchiedza, sekuona kuvepo kwezvinosvibisa.
Mune ramangwana, maitiro ekusimudzira esilicon photodetector anozonyanya kuratidzwa mune zvinotevera zvinhu. Hutsva hwezvinhu zvinotarisirwa kukwidziridza mashandiro ezvicherechedzo, sekushandiswa kwearoyi matsva kana zvinhu zvakaumbwa kuti uwedzere kunyudza kwemwenje uye kunatsiridza kuwanda kwehuwandu. Iyo optimization yekugadzirwa kwemaitiro zvakare yakakosha kutungamira. Kuburikidza neiyo microfabrication tekinoroji, miniaturization uye kubatanidzwa kunogona kuwanikwa kuwedzera kunzwa uye kupindura kumhanya kweiyophotodetector. Nekubatanidza tekinoroji yepamusoro yekugadzira tekinoroji, chiratidzo-ku-ruzha chiyero che detector chinogona kuwedzeredzwa, kuve nechokwadi chekugadzikana kwayo munzvimbo dzakaoma. Si photodetector, seyakakosha sensor mudziyo, zvishoma nezvishoma vari kushandura hupenyu hwedu nekuita kwavo kwakanakisa uye tarisiro yakakura yekushandisa. Nekuenderera mberi kwekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji, silicon-based photodetectors ichaita basa rakakosha mune mamwe minda, ichiunza mamwe mikana kune yedu ramangwana.
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-01-2025