Nheyo huru ye single-mode fiber lasers

Nheyo huru yemalaser efaibha emhando imwe chete

Kugadzirwa kwelaser kunoda kusangana nemamiriro matatu ekutanga: kuchinjika kwevanhu, nzvimbo yakakodzera yekupona, uye kusvikalaserchiyero (kuwedzera kwechiedza mugomba re resonant kunofanira kunge kwakakura kupfuura kurasikirwa). Maitiro ekushanda kwema single-mode fiber lasers akavakirwa pamisimboti iyi yepanyama uye anoita kuti mashandiro abudirire kuburikidza nechimiro chakakosha che fiber waveguides.

Mwaranzi inosimudzirwa uye kuchinja kwehuwandu hwevanhu ndizvo zvinhu zvinoita kuti laser ibude. Kana simba rechiedza rinoburitswa nepamupombi (kazhinji semiconductor laser diode) rikapinzwa mu gain fiber ine rare earth ions (yakadai seYtterbium Yb³⁺, erbium Er³⁺), rare earth ions dzinotora simba uye dzinobva paground state kuenda ku excited state. Kana huwandu hwemaions ari mu excited state hukadarika huri muground state, population inversion state inoumbwa. Panguva ino, incident photon ichakonzera stimulated radiation ye excited-state ion, ichigadzira ma photon matsva ane frequency, phase uye direction yakafanana ne incident photon, nokudaro zvichiita kuti optical amplification isvike.

Chinhu chikuru che single-modemalaser efaibhairi mudhayamita yayo yepakati yakapfava zvikuru (kazhinji 8-14μm). Zvinoenderana nedzidziso yewave optics, core yakadaro inogona kungobvumira electromagnetic field mode imwe chete (kureva, fundamental mode LP₀₁ kana HE₁₁ mode) kuti itumirwe zvakanaka, kureva, single mode. Izvi zvinobvisa dambudziko rekupararira kwepakati pemodal riripo mu multimode fibers, kureva, chiitiko chekuwedzera kwepulse chinokonzerwa nekupararira kwemodes dzakasiyana nekumhanya kwakasiyana. Kubva pamaonero ehunhu hwekutumira, musiyano wenzira yechiedza chinopararira munzira ye axial mu single-mode optical fibers mudiki kwazvo, izvo zvinoita kuti output beam ive ne spatial coherence yakakwana uye Gaussian energy distribution, uye beam quality factor M² inogona kusvika 1 (M²=1 yeGaussian beam yakanaka).

Fiber lasers vamiririri vakanaka vechizvarwa chechitatutekinoroji yelaser, dzinoshandisa fiber dzegirazi dzisina chinhu chepasi rose senzira yekuwana gain medium. Mumakore gumi apfuura, single-mode fiber lasers dzakatora chikamu chakakosha mumusika wepasi rose we laser, nekuda kwezvakanaka zvadzo zvekushanda. Zvichienzaniswa ne multimode fiber lasers kana traditional solid-state laser, single-mode fiber lasers dzinogona kugadzira beam yeGaussian yakanaka ine beam quality iri pedyo ne1, zvinoreva kuti beam inogona kusvika paAngle yeminimum divergence uye minimum focused spot. Ichi chinhu chinoita kuti chisatsiviwe munzvimbo dzekugadzirisa nekuyera dzinoda kunyatsojeka uye kupisa kwakaderera.