Nheyo uye mhando dzelaser

Misimboti nemhando dzelaser
Chii chinonzi laser?
LASER(Chiedza Kukwidziridzwa neStimulated Emission of Radiation); Kuti uwane zano riri nani, tarisa pamufananidzo uri pazasi:

Atomu iri pamwero wesimba repamusoro rinongoerekana rachinja richienda kumwero wesimba rakaderera uye rinobudisa photon, muitiro unodaidzwa kuti mwaranzi inongoerekana yaitika.
Yakakurumbira inogona kunzwisiswa se: bhora riri pasi ndiro nzvimbo yaro yakanyatsokodzera, apo bhora rinosundirwa mumhepo nekunze kwesimba (kunonzi kupomba), nguva iyo simba rekunze rinonyangarika, bhora rinodonha kubva kumusoro, uye rinosunungura. simba rakati. Kana bhora riri atomu chairo, saka atomu iyoyo inoburitsa photon yewavelength chaiyo panguva yekuchinja.

Classification ye lasers
Vanhu vakaziva musimboti wechizvarwa chelaser, vakatanga kugadzira akasiyana siyana e-laser, kana maererano nelaser inoshanda zvinhu kurongedza, inogona kukamurwa kuita gasi laser, yakasimba laser, semiconductor laser, nezvimwe.
1, gasi laser classification: atomu, molecule, ion;
Chinhu chinoshanda chegasi laser igasi kana simbi mhute, iyo inoratidzwa nehupamhi hwewavelength renji yekubuda kwelaser. Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeye CO2 laser, umo CO2 inoshandiswa sechinhu chinoshanda kugadzira infrared laser ye 10.6um nekuwedzeredza kwekubuda kwemagetsi.
Nekuti chinhu chinoshanda chegasi laser igasi, iyo yakazara chimiro chelaser yakakura kwazvo, uye iyo yavelength yegasi laser yakarebesa, kuita kwekugadzirisa zvinhu hakuna kunaka. Naizvozvo, magasi lasers akakurumidza kubviswa pamusika, uye aingoshandiswa mune dzimwe nzvimbo chaidzo, senge laser yekumaka yezvimwe zvikamu zvepurasitiki.
2, yakasimba laserclassification: ruby, Nd: YAG, nezvimwewo;
Izvo zvinoshanda zveiyo solid state laser iruby, neodymium girazi, Yttrium aluminium garnet (YAG), nezvimwewo, inova ishoma maion akafananidzwa akaiswa mukristaro kana girazi rezvinhu sematrix, inonzi inoshanda ion.
Iyo yakasimba-state laser inoumbwa nechinhu chinoshanda, pombi system, resonator uye inotonhorera uye yekusefa system.Iyo yakasviba square iri pakati pechifananidzo chiri pasi apa ndeye laser crystal, iyo inoratidzika seyakajeka-ruvara yakajeka girazi uye. ine kristaro inoonekera yakanyungudutswa ine isingawanzo simbi dzepasi. Icho chimiro chakakosha cheatomu yesimbi yepasi isingawanzo iyo inoumba chidimbu chehuwandu hwekushanduka kana ichivhenekerwa nechiedza sosi (ingonzwisisa kuti mabhora mazhinji pasi anosundirwa mumhepo), uyezve anoburitsa mafotoni kana zvimedu zvachinja, uye kana huwandu hwemafotoni hwakakwana, kuumbwa kwelaser.Kuitira kuve nechokwadi chekuti laser yakaburitswa inobuda munzira imwe, kune magirazi akazara (lens yekuruboshwe) uye semi-reflective inobuda magirazi (iyo yekurudyi lens). Kana iyo laser inobuda uyezve kuburikidza neimwe optical dhizaini, kuumbwa kwelaser simba.

3, semiconductor laser
Kana zvasvika kune semiconductor lasers, inogona kungonzwisiswa sephotodiode, kune PN junction mu diode, uye kana imwe ikozvino yawedzerwa, shanduko yemagetsi mu semiconductor inoumbwa kuburitsa mafotoni, zvichikonzera laser. Kana iyo laser simba inoburitswa ne semiconductor idiki, yakaderera-simba semiconductor mudziyo inogona kushandiswa sepombi sosi (excitation source) yefiber laser, saka iyo fiber laser inoumbwa. Kana simba re semiconductor laser richiwedzerwa kusvika padanho rekuti rinogona kubuda zvakananga kugadzira zvinhu, inova yakananga semiconductor laser. Parizvino, yakananga semiconductor lasers pamusika asvika 10,000-watt level.

Pamusoro peakawanda ari pamusoro apa lasers, vanhu vakagadzirawo mvura lasers, inozivikanwawo semafuta lasers. Liquid lasers yakanyanya kuomarara muhuwandu uye inoshanda zvinhu pane yakasimba uye haiwanzo kushandiswa.