Nanolaser imhando yemicro uye nano mudziyo wakagadzirwa nemananomaterials senge nanowire seresonator uye inogona kuburitsa laser pasi pephotoexcitation kana magetsi emagetsi.Saizi yelaser iyi kazhinji ingori mazana emamicrons kana makumi emamicrons, uye dhayamita iri kusvika kune nanometer odha, inova chikamu chakakosha cheramangwana rakatetepa firimu kuratidza, yakabatanidzwa optics uye mamwe minda.
Classification ye nanolaser:
1. Nanowire laser
Muna 2001, vatsvakurudzi vepaYunivhesiti yeCalifornia, Berkeley, muUnited States, vakagadzira laser diki pasi rose - nanolasers - pawaya yenanooptic chikamu chimwe chete pachuru chehurefu hwebvudzi remunhu.Laser iyi haingobudisi ultraviolet lasers chete, asi inogona zvakare kugadzirwa kuti ibudise lasers kubva kublue kusvika yakadzika ultraviolet.Vatsvakurudzi vakashandisa nzira yakajairika inonzi oriented epiphytation kugadzira laser kubva yakachena zinc oxide crystals.Ivo vakatanga "cultured" nanowires, ndiko kuti, akaumbwa pamusoro goridhe layer ine dhayamita 20nm kusvika 150nm uye kureba 10,000 nm pure zinc oxide waya.Zvadaro, apo vatsvakurudzi vakashandisa iyo yakachena zinc oxide crystals mu nanowires neimwe laser pasi pegreenhouse, iyo yakachena zinc oxide crystals yakabudisa laser ine wavelength ye17nm chete.Nanolasers akadaro anogona kupedzisira ashandiswa kuona makemikari uye kuvandudza ruzivo rwekuchengetedza ruzivo rwemakomputa disks uye photonic makomputa.
2. Ultraviolet nanolaser
Kutevera kuuya kwemamicro-lasers, micro-disk lasers, micro-ring lasers, uye quantum avalanche lasers, chemist Yang Peidong nevamwe vake paYunivhesiti yeCalifornia, Berkeley, vakagadzira tembiricha yekamuri nanolasers.Iyi zinc oxide nanolaser inogona kuburitsa laser ine upamhi hwemutsara isingasviki 0.3nm uye wavelength ye385nm pasi pechiedza chemanyawi, iyo inoonekwa seiyo diki laser munyika uye imwe yekutanga inoshanda michina inogadzirwa uchishandisa nanotechnology.Muchikamu chekutanga chebudiriro, vaongorori vakafungidzira kuti iyi ZnO nanolaser iri nyore kugadzira, kupenya kwepamusoro, saizi diki, uye kuita kwacho kwakaenzana kana kutonaka kupfuura GaN blue lasers.Nekuda kwekugona kugadzira yakakwirira-density nanowire arrays, ZnO nanolasers inogona kupinda akawanda maapplication asingakwanisike nemidziyo yemazuva ano yeGaAs.Kuti ukure ma lasers akadaro, ZnO nanowire inogadzirwa nenzira yekufambisa gasi iyo inokonzeresa epitaxial crystal kukura.Kutanga, iyo safire substrate yakaputirwa neyakafukidzirwa ye1 nm ~ 3.5nm gobvu firimu regoridhe, uye wozoiisa paalumina chikepe, zvinhu uye substrate inopisa kusvika 880 ° C ~ 905 ° C mukuyerera kweammonia kugadzira. Zn steam, uyezve Zn steam inotakurwa kune substrate.Nanowires ye2μm ~ 10μm ine hexagonal cross-sectional nzvimbo yakagadzirwa mukukura kwe2min ~ 10min.Vatsvagiri vakaona kuti ZnO nanowire inoumba yakasikwa laser cavity ine dhayamita ye20nm kusvika 150nm, uye yakawanda (95%) yedhayamita yayo i70nm kusvika 100nm.Kuti vadzidze kukurudzira kubuda kwe nanowires, vaongorori vakapomba sampuro mugreenhouse ine yechina harmonic kubuda kweNd: YAG laser (266nm wavelength, 3ns pulse width).Munguva yekushanduka kweiyo emission spectrum, mwenje unoremara nekuwedzera kwepombi simba.Kana iyo lasing ikadarika chikumbaridzo cheZnO nanowire (inenge 40kW/cm), nzvimbo yepamusoro inozoonekwa mune emission spectrum.Mutsetse wemutsara weaya mapoinzi epamusoro ari pasi pe0.3nm, iyo inopfuura 1/50 pasi pehupamhi hwemutsara kubva kune emission vertex pazasi pechikumbaridzo.Iyi mitsetse yakatetepa uye kukurumidza kuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwekubuda kwakaita kuti vaongorori vagumise kuti kusimudzira kubuda kunoitika mune idzi nanowires.Naizvozvo, iyi nanowire array inogona kuita seyakasikwa resonator uye nekudaro ive yakanaka micro laser sosi.Vatsvakurudzi vanotenda kuti iyi pfupi-wavelength nanolaser inogona kushandiswa muminda ye optical computing, kuchengetedza ruzivo uye nanoanalyzer.
3. Quantum zvakanaka lasers
Gore ra2010 risati uye rapfuura, upamhi hwemutsara wakadzikwa pane semiconductor chip huchasvika 100nm kana pasi, uye pachange paine maerekitironi mashoma anofamba mudunhu, uye kuwedzera nekudzikira kweerekitironi kuchave nekukanganisa kukuru mukushanda kwe. circuit.Kugadzirisa dambudziko iri, quantum zvakanaka lasers akazvarwa.Mune quantum mechanics, munda ungangoita unomanikidza kufamba kwemaerekitironi uye nekuayera iwo unonzi quantum tsime.Iyi quantum contraindication inoshandiswa kuumba quantum simba mazinga muchikamu chinoshanda che semiconductor laser, kuitira kuti shanduko yemagetsi pakati pemazinga esimba itonge iyo yekunakidzwa nemwaranzi yelaser, inova quantum zvakanaka laser.Kune marudzi maviri eiyo quantum tsime lasers: quantum mutsara lasers uye quantum dot lasers.
① Quantum mutsetse laser
Masayendisiti akagadzira quantum waya lasers ane simba rakapetwa ka1,000 pane echinyakare lasers, achitora nhanho hombe pakugadzira nekukurumidza makomputa nemidziyo yekutaurirana.Iyo laser, iyo inogona kuwedzera kumhanya kwekuteerera, vhidhiyo, Internet uye dzimwe nzira dzekutaurirana pamusoro pefiber-optic network, yakagadziridzwa nemasayendisiti kuYale University, Lucent Technologies Bell LABS muNew Jersey uye Max Planck Institute for Physics muDresden, Jerimani.Aya epamusoro-simba lasers aizoderedza kudiwa kweanodhura Repeaters, ayo anoiswa ega ega 80km (50 mamaira) achitevedza mutsetse wekutaurirana, zvakare achigadzira laser pulses iyo isinganyanyi kusimba sezvavanofamba kuburikidza nefiber (Repeaters).
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-15-2023