Iyo LiNbO3 intensity modulator (mach-zehnder modulator) inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mu-high-speed optical communication system, laser sensing uye ROF systems nekuda kwezvakanaka electro-optic effect. Iyo R-AM yakatevedzana yakavakirwa paMZ chimiro uye X-yakatemwa dhizaini, ine yakagadzikana yemuviri uye makemikari maitiro, ayo anogona kushandiswa ese ari maviri murabhoritari kuyedza uye maindasitiri masisitimu.