Tw kirasi attosecond x-ray pulse laser

Tw kirasi attosecond x-ray pulse laser
Attoseecond x-raypulse laserNesimba rakakwirira uye pfupi propse durse ndiyo kiyi yekuzadzisa iyo Ullinear spectroscopy uye X-ray digramu ekufungidzira. Chikwata chekutsvagisa muUnited States chakashandisa cascade yeaviri-nhanhoX-Ray Mahara Electron LasersKuburitsa discrete attosecond pulses. Kuenzaniswa nemishumo iripo, avhareji masimba ehupfumi wePuls anowedzera nehurongwa hwehukuru, iyo yakakwira peak simba ndeye 1.1 tw, uye iyo yepakati simba inopfuura zana μj. Chidzidzo ichi chinopawo humbowo hwakasimba hwechisimba-senge superradiation maitiro muX-ray munda.Yakakwira-simba lasersVadzingira nzvimbo dzakawanda dzekutsvagisa, kusanganisira hombe-munda fizikisi, attosecond spectroscopy, uye laser chikepe. Pakati pemhando dzese dzevaridzi, ma-x-ray anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukurapwa nekuongororwa, maindasitiri ekutsvaga kuwanikwa, kuongorora kwekuchengetedza uye kutsvakwa kwesainzi. Iyo X-Ray Yemahara-Electron Laser (XFEL) inogona kuwedzera mashandiro ehukuru hwehukama hwekusvika kweX-Ray. Iyo ichangobudiriro yeattesecond XFel chiitiko chikuru muAttosecond Sayenzi uye tekinoroji, ichiwedzera iyo inowanika masimba masimba anopfuura matanhatu mafambiro ekukura achienzaniswa neBenchtop X-ray Sourts.

Mahara Electron LasersUnogona kuwana pulse masimba akawanda mafambiro ekukura kupfuura iyo inobvumirana neyakagadziriswa kusimba Mune iyo yakaoma X-ray range (anenge 0.01 nm kusvika 0.1 nm wavelength), Fel inowanikwa neBlund compression uye post-saturation yekubatanidza maitiro. Mune iyo yakapfava X-ray range (anenge 0.1 nm kusvika 10 nm wavelength), Fel inoitwa necascade nyowani-slice tekinoroji. Nguva pfupi yadarika, Attosecond Pulses ine Peak Simba re100 GW yakataurwa kuti dzienderwe uchishandisa yekuzvisimbisa-inoshatisa yakasarudzika emission (esase) nzira.

Chikwata chekutsvagisa chakashandisa nzira mbiri-nhanho yekufambisa yakavakirwa paXFel kuti isvike iyo yakapfava X-ray attosecond kubva kuLinAC CohentTsime Renjekune iyo tw level, kurongeka kwekuvandudza kwehukuru pamusoro pezvakashuwa mibairo. Setim yekuedza inoratidzwa mumufananidzo 1. Kubva pane iyo Esase nzira, photocathode yemutter inoswededzwa kuti uwane iyo Electron Iyo yekutanga pulse iri kumberi kweiyo spike of the emalektron Pakupedzisira, yechipiri yemagineti inoshandiswa kuenderera mberi nekuenderera mberi ne x-rays kuburikidza nekudyidzana kweAttesecond Pulses neiyo nyowani nyowani.

Fig. 1 yekuyedza kifaa dhiraivhi; Mufananidzo uyu unoratidza iyo Longitudinal Chikamu Space (Nguva-Energy Dhigiramu yeAkiresi, Green), Iyo Yazvino Mbiri (yebhuruu), uye radiation yakagadzirwa neyekutanga-yepepuru). Xtcav, x-bhendi inoburitsa cavity; CVMI, coaxal nekukurumidza mepu yekufungidzira system; FZP, Bhandi Resviro Plate Spectrometer

All Attesecond Pulses anovakwa kubva kuruzha, saka imwe neimwe pulse ine akasiyana ekufunga uye nguva-domain zvivakwa, izvo vaongorori vakaongorora zvakadzama. Panyaya yeSpectra, ivo vaishandisa bhendi renyere rekupfeka kuti vayerekere kweMusangano weMusiniki vakaenzana vakaremerwa, vachiratidza kuti gadziriso yapera, zvichiratidza kuti mapuranga akaramba asiri muari. Munguva iyo domain domain, iyo ingalar fringe inoyerwa uye iyo nguva domain waveform ye pulse inoratidzwa. Sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo 1, iyo X-ray pulse yakafukidzwa nedenderedzwa rakapetwa plarized infrared laser pulse. Iyo Photoelectrons ionised ne X-ray pulse ichabereka mitsetse munzira yakatarisana neyeveveri kugona kweiyo infrared laser. Nekuti munda wemagetsi weiyo Laser unotenderera nenguva, kugoverwa kwepikicha kwakaitwa nenguva yeAlectron Kugoverwa kwe photoelectron messum inoyerwa uchishandisa coaxial nekukurumidza mamepu ekufungidzira kuti fungidziro yekufungidzira spectrometer. Zvichienderana nekuparadzira uye kuratidzira mhedzisiro, iyo nguva-domain waveform yeAttosecond Pulses inogona kuvakwa. Mufananidzo 2 (a) unoratidza kugoverwa kwePulse Nguva, ine pakati pe440 se. Pakupedzisira, iyo gasi yekutarisa yekuona yaishandiswa kuyera simba rekupusha, uye kuronga kwepamhepo pakati pePeak pulse simba uye iyo pulse nguva yekutaura sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo 2 (B) yakaverengerwa. Iyo matatu matatu inoenderana kune dzakasiyana Electron beam kutarisa mamiriro ezvinhu, Waver coning mamiriro uye magineti compressor kunonoka mamiriro. Iyo nhatu dzekugadzika dzakaburitsa average plse mashandiro emagetsi e150, 200, uye 260 μj, zvichiteerana, ine simba repamusoro re1,1.

Mufananidzo 2. (A) Kugovera Histogram yehafu-kukwirira yakazara yakazara (FWHM) pulse nguva; .

Uyezve, chidzidzo chokutanga chakacherechedzwawo kekutanga chiitiko cheSeliton-senge supering muX-ray bhendi, iyo inoratidzika seinoenderera mberi pulse kupfupisa panguva yekuwedzera. Izvo zvinokonzerwa nekudyidzana kwakasimba pakati peakasiyana uye radiation kwakakurumidza kuendeswa kubva kune emagetsi kusvika mumusoro we x-ray pulse uye kumashure kune emagetsi kubva mumuswe wedhirowa. Kupfuura nedzidzo dzedzidzo iyi, zvinotarisirwa kuti X-ray pulses nehurefu hwekutenderera uye nekukwira masimba ekutora ekusimudzira maEppeni