Deep nzvimbo Laser kukurukurirana rekodhi, yakawanda sei nzvimbo yokufungidzira?Chikamu Chechipiri

Zvakanakira zviri pachena, zvakavanzwa muchivande
Kune rimwe divi, laser yekutaurirana tekinoroji inonyanya kuchinjika kune yakadzika nzvimbo nharaunda. Munzvimbo yakadzika yenzvimbo, iyo probe inofanirwa kutarisana nemwaranzi yepasi rose, asiwo kukurira marara ekudenga, guruva uye zvimwe zvipingamupinyi murwendo rwakaoma kuburikidza nebhandi reasteroid, mhete huru dzepasi, uye zvichingodaro, zviratidzo zveredhiyo zvinonyanya kukanganiswa.
Iyo musimboti welaser ndeye photon danda rinovhenekerwa nemaatomu anofara, umo mafotoni ane zvakanyanya kuenderana optical zvimiro, yakanaka kutungamira uye pachena simba rakanakira. Nezvayo zvazvakanakira,lasersinogona kuchinjika zviri nani kune yakaoma yakadzika nzvimbo nharaunda uye kuvaka yakagadzikana uye yakavimbika yekutaurirana link.
Zvisinei, kanaLaser kutauriranainoda kukohwa mhedzisiro inodiwa, inofanirwa kuita basa rakanaka rekurongeka kwakaringana. Panyaya yeSpirit satellite probe, kutungamira, kufamba uye kutonga sisitimu yekombuta yayo yekubhururuka yakaita basa rakakosha, iyo inonzi "inongedza, kutora uye yekutevera sisitimu" kuona kuti iyo laser yekutaurirana terminal uye Yepasi timu yekubatanidza mudziyo inogara ichichengetedza kurongeka kwakaringana, kuve nechokwadi kutaurirana kwakagadzikana, asi zvakare zvinobudirira kuderedza chiyero chekukanganisa kwekutaurirana, kuvandudza iko kufambiswa kwedata.
Pamusoro pezvo, kurongeka uku kunogona kubatsira mapapiro ezuva kutora chiedza chezuva chakawanda sezvinobvira, achipa simba rakawandaLaser kutaurirana michina.
Zvechokwadi, hapana huwandu hwesimba hunofanira kushandiswa zvakanaka. Imwe yemabhenefiti ekutaurirana kwelaser ndeyekuti ine yakakwira simba rekushandisa simba, iyo inogona kuchengetedza simba rakawanda pane yechinyakare redhiyo kutaurirana, kuderedza mutoro we.zvakadzika nzvimbo detectorspasi pemamiriro mashoma ekupa simba, uye wobva wawedzera huwandu hwendege uye nguva yekushanda yemichina, uye kukohwa zvakawanda zvesayenzi.
Pamusoro pezvo, zvichienzaniswa nekurukurirano yeredhiyo yechinyakare, kutaurirana nelaser zvine hunyanzvi kuita kurinani chaiko-nguva. Izvi zvakakosha pakuongorora kwakadzika nzvimbo, kubatsira masayendisiti kuwana data munguva uye kuita zvidzidzo zvekuongorora. Nekudaro, sezvo kureba kwekutaurirana kunowedzera, chiitiko chekunonoka chinozojeka zvishoma nezvishoma, uye iyo chaiyo-nguva mukana wekutaurirana kwelaser inoda kuyedzwa.

Tichitarisa kune ramangwana, zvakawanda zvinogoneka
Parizvino, nzvimbo yakadzika yekuongorora uye basa rekutaurirana rinotarisana nematambudziko mazhinji, asi nekuenderera mberi kwesainzi uye tekinoroji, ramangwana rinotarisirwa kushandisa nzira dzakasiyana dzekugadzirisa dambudziko.
Semuyenzaniso, kuti ukunde matambudziko anokonzerwa nekure kure kutaurirana chinhambwe, ramangwana rakadzama nzvimbo probe rinogona kunge riri musanganiswa wepamusoro-frequency kutaurirana uye laser yekutaurirana tekinoroji. Yepamusoro-frequency yekutaurirana michina inogona kupa simba rechiratidzo chepamusoro uye kunatsiridza kugadzikana kwekutaurirana, nepo laser kutaurirana kune yakanyanya kutapurirana mwero uye yakaderera yekukanganisa mwero, uye zvinofanirwa kutarisirwa kuti vakasimba uye vakasimba vanogona kujoinha mauto kuti vape chinhambwe chakareba uye mhedzisiro yekutaurirana inoshanda.

Mufananidzo 1. Early low Earth orbit laser communication test
Zvakananga kune ruzivo rwe laser yekutaurirana tekinoroji, kuitira kuvandudza bandwidth kushandiswa uye kuderedza latency, yakadzika nzvimbo probes inotarisirwa kushandisa yakawedzera hungwaru coding uye compression tekinoroji. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, zvinoenderana neshanduko yenzvimbo yekutaurirana, iyo laser yekutaurirana midziyo yeramangwana yakadzika nzvimbo probe inongogadzirisa iyo encoding modhi uye compression algorithm, uye kuyedza kuwana yakanyanya kunaka yekufambisa data, kuvandudza mwero wekutapurirana uye kuderedza kunonoka dhigirii.
Kuti ukunde zvimhingamipinyi zvesimba munzvimbo dzakadzika dzekuongorora nzvimbo uye kugadzirisa zvinodikanwa zvekupisa kupisa, probe ichashandisa tekinoroji yemagetsi mashoma uye tekinoroji yekutaurirana yakasvibira mune ramangwana, izvo zvisingazongodzikisire mashandisirwo emagetsi ehurongwa hwekutaurirana, asiwo kuwana hunoshanda kutonga kwekupisa uye kupisa kupisa. Hapana kupokana kuti nekushandiswa kunoshanda uye kufarirwa kweaya matekinoroji, iyo laser yekukurukurirana system yeyakadzika nzvimbo probes inotarisirwa kushanda zvakatsiga, uye kutsungirira kuchavandudzwa zvakanyanya.
Nekuenderera mberi kwekufambira mberi kwehungwaru hwekugadzira uye otomatiki tekinoroji, yakadzika nzvimbo probes inotarisirwa kupedzisa mabasa zvakazvimiririra uye nemazvo mune ramangwana. Semuenzaniso, kuburikidza neyakagadzikwa mitemo uye algorithms, iyo detector inogona kuona otomatiki data kugadzirisa uye nehungwaru kutapurirana kudzora, kudzivirira ruzivo "kuvhara" uye kugadzirisa kutaurirana kugona. Panguva imwecheteyo, hungwaru hwekugadzira uye otomatiki tekinoroji inozobatsirawo vaongorori kuderedza zvikanganiso zvekushanda uye kugadzirisa iko kurongeka uye kuvimbika kwekuona mishoni, uye masisitimu ekutaurirana nelaser achabatsirawo.
Mushure mezvose, kutaurirana nelaser hakuna masimba ese, uye ramangwana rakadzika nzvimbo yekutsvaga mishoni inogona zvishoma nezvishoma kuona kubatanidzwa kweakasiyana nzira dzekutaurirana. Kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwakadzama kweakasiyana matekinoroji ekutaurirana, akadai seredhiyo kutaurirana, laser kutaurirana, infrared kutaurirana, nezvimwewo, detector inogona kutamba yakanakisa yekutaurirana mhedzisiro munzira dzakawanda, yakawanda-frequency bhendi, uye kugadzirisa kuvimbika uye kugadzikana kwekutaurirana. Panguva imwecheteyo, kubatanidzwa kwekutaurirana kwakasiyana-siyana kunoreva kunobatsira kuwana mabasa akawanda ekubatana, kuvandudza kushanda kwakazara kwema detectors, uye zvino kukurudzira mamwe marudzi uye nhamba dzema detectors kuti aite mamwe mabasa akaoma munzvimbo yakadzika.